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North Carolina 

Council of 

Defense 



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PLAN OF ORGANIZATION 



COMMERCIAL PRINT, NG COMPANY, RALEIGH, N. C. 



The North Carolina 



Executive Department^v^ ^^ 

Raleigh ^^^^ 

D. H. Hill Chairman 

W. S. Wilson Secretary 

B. R. Lacy Treasurer 



Executive Committee 

D. H. Hill Raleigh 

Geo. W. Watts Durham 

Joseph Hyde Pratt Chapel Hill 

J. Bryan Grimes Raleigh 

R. N. Page Biscoe 

Members 

T. W. BicKETT, Governor, ex officio Raleigh 

B. S. RoYSTER, Adjt.-Gen., ex officio Raleigh 

James Sprunt Wilmington 

George W. Watts Durham 

Joseph Hyde Pratt Chapel Hill 

J. Bryan Grimes Raleigh 

D. H. Hill Raleigh 

C. C. Taylor Greensboro 

W. S. Lee Charlotte 

R. N. Page Biscoe 

F. L. Seely Asheville 

George Howe Chapel Hill 

Mrs. J. E. Reilley Charlotte 



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Council of Defense 



The North Carohna Council 
of Defense 

^^^len the United States entered the most 
colossal of wars, Congress felt the necessity of 
uniting and expediting all the measures for 
preparation and for continuance in the war. 
To this end it created a National Council of 
Defense and charged this body with manifold 
duties. This Council is composed of six mem- 
bers of the President's Cabinet, namely : Sec- 
retary Baker (War), President, Secretary Dan- 
iels (Navy), Secretary Plouston (Agriculture), 
Secretary Lane (Interior), Secretary Redfield 
(Commerce), and Secretary Wilson (Labor). 

The Council was directed by Congress to 
nominate to the President an Advisory Com- 
mission of seven members, "each of whom shall 
have special knowledge of some industry, public 
utility, or the development of some natural re- 
source, or be otherwise especially qualified." 
These seven members of the Advisory Commis- 
sion are Daniel Willard, President of the Bal- 
timore & Ohio Railroad ; Samuel Gompers, 
President of the American Federation of Labor ; 
Howard E. Coffin, Vice-President Hudson Motor 
Company ; Julius Rosenwald, President Sears, 
Roebuck & Co. ; Bernard M. Baruch. Dr. Frank- 



The North Carolina 



lin Martin, and Dr. Hollis Godfrey, President 
Drexel Institute. 

The duties of this Council and Commission 
are thus defined by President Wilson : 

"The Council of National Defense has been 
created because Congress has realized that the 
country is best prepared for war when thor- 
oughly prepared for peace. From an economic 
point of view, there is very little difference be- 
tween the machinery required for economical 
efficiency and that required for military pur- 
poses. The Council is organized for the crea- 
tion of relations which will render possible in 
time of need the immediate concentration and 
utilization of the resources of the Nation." 

The National Council of Defense says : "The 
State Councils of Defense should co-operate 
with each other and with the Federal Govern- 
ment in organizing and directing the resources 
of the State in men and materials, to make 
them available and effective for national use, 
and should recommend changes in the State laws 
which may become expedient." 

Acting under authority of law the National 
Council of Defense asked the Governors of 
each of the States to form a State Council of 
Defense to accomplish the services mentioned. 
In compliance with this request the Governor 
of North Carolina appointed a State Coun- 
cil, of which the Governor and the Adjutant- 
General are ex officio members. The other mem- 
4 



Council of Defense 



bers are as follows : Mr. W. S. Lee, of Char- 
lotte ; Mr. C. C. Taylor, of Greensboro; Dr. 
Joseph Hyde Pratt, of Chapel Hill; Dr. James 
Sprunt, of Wilmington ; Col. J. Bryan Grimes, 
of Raleigh ; Mr. George W. Watts, of Durham ; 
Mr. R. N. Page, of Biscoe; Mr. F. L. Seely, of 
Asheville ; Dr. George Howe, of Chapel Hill ; 
Mrs. J. E. Reilley, of Charlotte, and Dr. D. H. 
Hill, of Raleigh. 

This Council met and organized in Raleigh on 
the 31st of May. The following officers were 
selected: Dr. D. H. Hill, Chairman; Mr. W. S. 
Wilson, Secretary, and Hon. B. R. Lacy, Treas- 
urer. After a day of deliberation, it was de- 
cided that for the systematic and active prose- 
cution of its duties, the work of the Council 
should for the present be grouped into the fol- 
lowing divisions, with a chairman and six other 
members constituting each group. 

First, Finance. — ^The Central Committee on 
Finance is composed of Mr. W. S. Lee, Mr. 
George W. Watts, and Mr. R. N. Page. In some 
of the States, the Legislatures, being in ses- 
sion, made ample appropriations for the use of 
the State Council. For the present this Com- 
mittee will undertake to secure from generous 
citizens such sums as will be required. Hon. 
B. R. Lacy, State Treasurer, will receipt for 
any contributions that may be sent to the 
Council. 

5 



The North Carolina 



Second, Public Information. — This Committee 
will co-operate with the National Council in 
distributing information to the people, in help- 
ing to advertise and sell such securities as our 
Government may issue, in helping the other 
committees to present their work, and as a 
bureau of information for parents and friends 
of men in the service. 

Third, Legal. — This Committee will guide the 
Council in its efforts to enforce national laws on 
exemptions, sanitation, home protection, food 
conservation and distribution, in keeping down 
speculation, and in general in all relations of 
citizens to State and general government. 

Fourth, Co-ordination Work. — In order that 
all the different organizations engaged in vari- 
ous services may have a clearing-house, this 
Committee will endeavor to secure the utmost 
unity and harmony of effort so as to prevent all 
overlapping or repeated effort. It will endeavor 
to formulate plans for a welded organization. 

Fifth, Sanitation. — In the absence of the large 
numbers of physicians who will be called into 
service every effort must be made by compliance 
with hygienic living to prevent sickness. This 
Committee will work in conjunction with city, 
county, State, and National Boards of Health 
in trying to secure cleanliness, in fighting di- 
seases in their incipiency, and in all forms of 
preventive medicine. It will study the health 
laws of counties and towns and will communi- 
6 



Council of Defense 



cate practical suggestions and plans from one 
to the other. It will try to enlist all schools, 
social, fraternal, and religious orders to unite 
their energies for a sustained campaign for the 
preservation of health. 

Sixth, Conservation of Resources. — In the 
long and probably desperate struggle that may 
be before our country, and in ministering to the 
wants of our exhausted allies, it behooves us to 
save materials of every kind, to prevent all 
waste, to utilize products not formerly consid- 
ered as valuable, to make each acre of land do 
its full duty. The Committee charged with this 
most important task will counsel with like com- 
mittees from other States, and with experts in 
special economic problems and suggest methods 
of simpler living, of nutritious rations, of sav- 
ings on farms and in the homes and in the 
forests. Economic processes will be studied with 
a view to their general adoption in all families. 

Seventh, Industrial Survey. — In case the Gov- 
ernment needs any additions to the industrial 
survey made by the Naval Consulting Board 
this Committee will be prepared to co-operate 
in securing the information. It will also aid 
farmers in securing needed seed and act as a 
bureau of information for industrial articles. 

Eighth, Historical Preservation. — The State 
wants to keep a complete record of all its volun- 
teer and national soldiers and sailors, and also 
of its nurses, physicians, chaplains, and service- 
7 



The North Carolina 



renderers of every description. It wants to 
preserve ttie names of all North Carolinians 
serving with units from other States, and to 
keep a record of any heroic or distinguished per- 
formance hy its sons and daughters. 

Ninth, Lahor. — In the absence of many labor- 
ers in the service this committee will by cor- 
respondence and reports from A^arious sections 
of the State endeavor to transfer laborers where 
possible to meet exigencies, to report to farmers 
and manufacturers any available laborers, and 
try to help in cases of dissatisfaction or impend- 
ing strikes. 

Tenth, Military. — This Committee will act in 
concert with the military authorities in minister- 
ing so far as a State can to the necessities of 
North Carolina soldiers, and in devising wayb 
and means for hospital comforts and necessi- 
ties. 

Eleventh, Home Defense. — The State will soon 
be swept bare of its militia. It will be neces- 
sary to organize a home guard for the safety of 
homes and property. This Committee will aid 
in presenting the necessity of an organized 
force and in formulating plans for its forma- 
tion. 

Twelfth, Transport ation. — This Committee will 
unite its efforts with those of the Government 
in helping to have ready for speedy transporta- 
tion any material needed from our State. 
8 



Council of Defense 



Thirteenth, Research. — The members of this 
Committee will hold themselves in readiness to 
conduct such technical investigations as the 
Government may desire made. 

Fourteenth, Woman's Work. — The women of 
the State are engaged in many forms of patri- 
otic service. The members of this Committee 
will be women, and they will endeavor to unify 
the manifold activities of the women. 

Fifteenth, Soldiers' Business Aid Committee. — 
Many of our soldiers while away from home 
will need some experienced man to lend a hand 
in the management of their private business. 
This Committee, through a sub-committee in 
each county, will undertake free of all charge 
to aid soldiers and sailors in any legal or busi- 
ness matter entrusted to its members. It will, 
if desired, watch that a soldier's insurance 
policies do not lapse ; that his taxes are paid ; 
that any mortgage indebtedness is attended to, 
and that no legal or business advantage is taken 
of a soldier during his absence. The Commit- 
tee will also seek ways to aid the family of 
any soldier, if such family, from accident or 
calamity, should need assistance, to train dis- 
abled men for remunerative work, and to aid 
returning soldiers in securing employment. 



The North Carolina 



County Councils 

To secure for all the people an organized 
form of united service, County Councils are 
arranged for each county, and these, in turn, 
will organize the county into such small units 
as may be needed. Each County Council con- 
sists of a chairman and six other members. The 
Councils appoint such committees and perfect 
such plans as may suit the needs of their re- 
spective localities. It is desired, however, that 
each county should have an able, aggressive 
committee on Health and Sanitation ; on Farm- 
ing ; on Food ; on Home-Saving ; on Families of 
Soldiers, and on Home Defense. 

As our Nation, after a long period of peace, is 
just entering a war of unexampled magnitude, 
it is of course now impossible to forecast in 
full what duties and services may devolve on 
each State. We know, however, that if, as now 
seems likely, the war shall continue, there will 
be a full measure of calls for service, for sacri- 
fice, for ministering to distress. Whether the 
war be long or short, our State wants to be 
organized and ready at a moment's notice to 
do its part gladly, generously and nobly. 

We already know that our Nation's sons are 
being thrown into the most merciless war ever 
waged, and that our daughters are entering the 
service of their country in manifold capacities. 
We already know that their necessities will be 
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Council of Defense 



great. We are a strong and wealthy nation. 
We want to furnish our soldiers, sailors, nurses, 
doctors, hospitals, ships, with every protective 
device and sanitary improvement known to 
science. As these duty-called men and women 
serve for us, let us not fail to supply them with 
every necessity for battle and every comfort for 
camp. Let us surround them with every safe- 
guard of body and soul. Let us assure them 
that their absence wall not entail physical suf- 
fering in their homes. We can accomplish these 
things only by continuous and organized effort. 
The Council of Defense was devised by our 
Government as the best method of unifying and 
organizing the State's united activities. Service 
in the organization is a call to duty, and we are 
sure that no patriotic citizen will withhold his 
freest service. 



11 



The North Carolina 



State Committees 

Finance : 

W. S. Lee, Chairman, Charlotte. 
Geo. W. Watts, Durham. 
R. N. Page, Biscoe. 

Public Information : 

Edward E. Britton, Chairman, Raleigh. 

Al Fairbrother, Greensboro. 

W. B. Sullivan, Charlotte. 

James H. Caine, Asheville. 

H. R, Dwire, Winston- Salem. 

James H. Cowan, Wilmington. 

J. L. Home, Jr., Rocky Mount. 

Legal : 

W. P. Bynum, Chairman, Greensboro. 

O. H. Guion, New Bern. 

Jas. H. Pou, Raleigh. 

John D. Bellamy, Wilmington. 

E. T. Cansler, Charlotte. 

W. B. Council, Hickory. 

Julius C. Martin, Asheville. 

Co-ordination Work : 

E. C. Branson, Chairman, Chapel Hill. 
Geo. A. Holderness, Tarboro. 
H. B. Varner, Lexington. 
C. Van Leuven, Wilmington. 
Geo. W. Paschal, Wake Forest. 
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Council of Defense 



Health and Sanitation : 

Dr. W. S. Rankin, Chairman, Raleigh. 

Dr. Chas. O'H. Laiighinghouse, Greenville. 

Dr. J. Howell Way, Waynesville. 

Dr. Richard H. Lewis, Raleigh. 

Dr. J. W. Long, Greensboro. 

Dr. I. W. Faison, Charlotte. 

Dr. H. A. Royster, Raleigh. 

Conservation and Economy: 

B. W. Kilgore, Chairman, Raleigh. 

C. B. Williams, Raleigh. 
Dan T. Gray, West Raleigh. 
W. N. Hutt, West Raleigh. 
J. S. Holmes, Chapel Hill. 
Mrs. J. S. McKimmon, Raleigh. 
S. G. Rubinow, West Raleigh. 

Industrial Survey : 

J. L. Ludlow, Chairman, Winston- Salem. 

C. M. Burkholder, Charlotte. 

J. F. Cannon, Concord. 

Geo. H. Maurice, Eagle Springs. 

R. B. Robertson, Canton. 

Leonard Tufts, Pinehurst. 

Historical Preservation : 

R. D. W. Connor, Chairman, Raleigh. 
Haywood Parker, Asheville. 
Miss Adelaide Fries, Winston-Salem. 
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The North Carolina 



Paul W. Schenck, Greensboro. 
George Gordon Battle, New York. 
Miss Lida Rodman, Washington. 
J. G. deU. Hamilton, Chapel Hill. 

Labor : 

B. R. Lacy, Chairman, Raleigh. 

MiLITAEY : 

Gen. B. S. Royster, Raleigh. 
Col. A. H. Boyden, Salisbury. 
Col. P. M. Pearsall, New Bern. 
Col. Alfred Williams, Raleigh. 
Col. Walker Taylor, Wilmington. 
Col. J. C. Michie, Durham. 

Home Defense : 

Jno. M. Morehead, Chairman, Charlotte. 
R. J. Reynolds, Winston-Salem. 

C. J. Harris, Dillsboro. 
Jno. F, Bruton, Wilson. 

Ed. Chambers Smith, Raleigh. 
A. J. Draper, Charlotte. 
C. G. Wright, Greensboro. 
P. M. Pearsall, New Bern. 

Transportation : 

Benehan Cameron, Chairman, Stagville. 
Herbert Smith, Wilmington. 
W. B. Darrow, Rocky Mount. 
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Council of Defense 



R. S. McCoin, Henderson. 
J. R. McQueen, Pinehurst. 
C. M. Vanstory, Greensboro. 
A. L. Smith, Charlotte. 
U. Buckner, Asheville. 

Research : 

Dr. Wm. J. Martin, Chairman, Davidson. 
Dr. W. A. Withers, West Raleigh. 
R. M. Miller, Jr., Charlotte. 
R. A. Dunn, Charlotte. 

Woman's Work : 

Mrs. Eugene Reilley, Chairman, Charlotte. 

Mrs. Palmer Jerman, First Vice-Chairman, 
Raleigh. 

Mrs. W. N. Reynolds, Second Vice-Chairman, 
Winston-Salem. 

Miss Mary Hilliard Hinton, Secretary, 
Raleigh. 

Mrs. Eugene Sternberger, Treasurer, Greens- 
boro. 

Mrs. T. W. Bickett, Honorary Chairman, 
Raleigh. 

Mrs. R. R. Cotton, Honorary Chairman, 
Bruce. 



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